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The Arena (aka Glacier Garden)
Initially billed as an open air ice skating rink, Glacier Garden, on Harbor Drive at the foot of Eighth Avenue in what was San Diego's Industrial section opened on June 16, 1939. Described as a modernistic structure with a regulation size, 91 by 190 foot rink, its opening event was a limited engagement of the Hollywood All-Star Ice Skating Show under the direction of Hugo Quist, the manager of Sonja Henie, and featured a cast of internationally famous skaters.1
The production was staged with lighting effects, illuminated with colored arcs and a background of scenery depicting the Swiss Alps and the ice was free for use after each performance. The seating capacity was around 4,000 and after the run of the show, as planned, the facility was used for public skating, hockey games and other ice sports and spectacles. Unlike anything known before to "the children of the sun in San Diego," the debut drew a capacity crowd of civic, social and professional leaders, turning away many for the opening night.1
Through the 40s Ice shows there continued to draw capacity crowds and at that time the San Diego Figure Skating Club was founded. Many of the local skaters would feature in the shows sponsored by the club.1 Then came professional Hockey. California had led the country in building artificial ice arenas during the 1930s and 1940s, however, most of the arenas were not specifically built for hockey. Glacier Garden's visiting team's dressing room was an add-on reached only by going outside first. The ice for the rink, infamous for water and fog, was pumped underground from San Diego Ice and Cold Storage across the street.2
Albert 'Bert' Forsyth played hockey for Seattle and opened two nightclub bars there with his brother Jim and wife Mary Ann in the 1940s. In 1946 he and his brother bought Glacier Garden where he owned and coached the San Diego Skyhawks of the Pacific Coast Hockey League. The team was called the Skyhawks because the players were employed making aircraft in San Diego during WWII. The Forsyths sold their interest in the rink and the team after two seasons in 1948.3
The Skyhawks were in the PCHL from 1945 to 1950. As teams in the PCHL dwindled it merged with the Western Canada Senior Hockey League and became the Western Hockey League (WHL) in 1952, however, (semi) pro hockey did not return to San Diego until 1966 with the Gulls when the new Sports Arena was built.
By 1956 Glacier Garden(s) was simply called the Arena. On April 3, 1956 Elvis, Scotty, Bill and DJ made the first of two appearances on the Milton Berle Show with this one broadcast from the deck of the USS Hancock Aircraft Carrier while docked in San Diego. The following two nights they performed nearby at the Arena, their first public appearances in the State of California. By this time Elvis' fame was starting to sky rocket, he was weeks away from receiving his first gold record and a movie deal was imminent.
IN PERSON - Elvis Presley, singer whose recordings of "Heartbreak Hotel" and "Blue Suede Shoes" are current hits, will appear tomorrow and Thursday nights at 8:15 in the San Diego Arena.
Tickets for the 8:15 p.m. shows were $1.25 in advance and $1.50 at the door. In addition to the Arena box office, tickets were available at either of the two Ratner's Electric Company retail outlets in downtown San Diego where his records were also on sale. Peter Guralnick in Last Train To Memphis wrote that Elvis made an appearance the day of the first show at a local record shop (Ratner's?). Elvis was also said to have been introduced at the shows by local DJ "Happy Hare" Harry Martin of radio KCBQ. By some accounts a floating blockade behind the venue was set up by the Shore Patrol and police presence was said to be heavy.4 Apparently though, not heavy enough. Peter also wrote that "at one point Elvis had to admonish the crowd mildly to "sit down or the show ends" and the girls went back to their seats, and that the first show concluded with a riot.
Raquel Welch, though not born in San Diego, had attended Bay Park Elementary School and graduated high school in La Jolla in 1957. At age 14 she got tickets to the first show and sat eagerly waiting among thousands of screaming teenage girls when Elvis hit that stage. He was like a sexual hurricane, a force of nature, she recalled.5 While Scotty was in San Diego he looked up John Bankson, a former shipmate of his from the USS Kent County (LST-855) and who he had played with in one of his first bands, the Happy Valley Boys, later in Bremington, Washington. John attended the first show at the Arena and visited backstage.6
Glen Troutman first heard about Elvis from Fred Maddox, the bass player for the The Maddox Brothers & Rose country band who had played with Elvis at the Louisiana Hayride. Glen, also trying to be a country singer, and his guitarist, Gary Lambert, made the drive from San Dimas to San Diego to see Elvis at the Arena on April 4th. I knew he was popular in the South but I had no idea he'd be so popular on the West Coast, said Glen. There was about five thousand girls at the show and he drove them crazy! 7
They were accustomed to country singers who stood stock-still onstage, Glen recalled of the San Diego show, but "he came out and shook for about five minutes like his body was crawling with spiders while D.J. (Fontana) played the drums behind him. People went crazy when he walked out there." Then Elvis launched into his songs - although "you could barely hear him, the girls were screaming so loud," Glen notes.8
Fred Maddox was there and took us backstage to meet Elvis after the show. He was very nice to talk to but he was very nervous; I don't think he'd played to such a big crowd before. I remember him biting his bottom lip a lot, drinking Coke and just buzzing with nervous energy.7
The jacket he was wearing was drenched in sweat because he'd worked so hard on stage. We spent a fair while talking to him because they couldn't get him out of the building due to all the screaming fans outside. In the end they had to get the San Diego Shore Patrol to escort him back to his hotel room.7
After Elvis, Glen forgot about being a country singer and went rock. His record company changed his name to Glen Glenn. Recorded in the rockabilly style of early Elvis, his songs were "Laurie Ann," "Everybody's Movin"' and "One Cup of Coffee and a Cigarette."8
Bankson's wife Analee, recalled that "when he got home, he told me he had helped Elvis tune his guitar. I said, 'Oh, you did.' Of course, we didn't know who Elvis was at that time."6 Aside from a short announcement and an advertisement in the Union-Tribune about the second night's show on the following day, there was no other mention of the first show or any incidents surrounding it.
The review in the paper on the 6th, following the second night's appearance read:
According to Peter Guralnick in Elvis Day by Day, Elvis received $15,000 for the two-night appearance at the Arena and the following night flew to Las Vegas for a one-night stay at the New Frontier, where the Colonel had begun discussions about a booking. Scotty, Bill and D.J., however, drove to their next gig in Denver, Colorado.
For his appearances in San Diego, at least the ones in April, Elvis was said to have stayed at the El Cortez Hotel. The El Cortez Hotel opened in 1927 and became San Diego's top place to stay with its sweeping views of the bay. In the 1950s, its new owner, Harry Handlery, added a glass elevator and rooftop restaurant and bar, giving the hotel even more status as the place to be.9 At the time it was also a popular location for proms and wedding receptions. The outside glass elevator is said to be the world's first.
Reputed turmoil surrounding the concerts, over time, have been greatly exaggerated. While the enthusiasm of the crowd, young females in particular, was no doubt as frantic as many of his other appearances of the time, and deemed vulgar by several of a more reserved generation, there were no reports found in the press that substantiate recollections by local deejays, Hare Martin and Don Howard, of sordid behavior that would be quoted in interviews years later.
There would be stories of enhanced police details, young girls arrested for running naked through the El Cortez and sailors arrested for lewd behavior. Martin would go so far as to say he protected Elvis' hair color secret after seeing him naked backstage before covering himself with his "gold lame' suit" and a story would reference a quote in an article from the Chief of Police Adam Elmer Jansen threatening arrest if Elvis' next show was anything like the April shows.4 & 10
Their next, and final appearance, in San Diego came on June 6th, and this time there was a slight price increase. They advertised 2500 advance tickets available for $1.50, again at Ratner's, while tickets at the door went for $2.00. This show again immediately followed an appearance on Milton Berle's show the night before, also their second and final. It was one that was condemned and criticized heavily in the press across the country. This in all likelihood facilitated the ease of propagation of exaggerations and fabrications and at the very least may have fueled parent's concern. The subsequent review of the Arena show though revealed the minimal interest of the police, the minimal "outrage" and the full extent of arrests in San Diego.
The next day the boys played in Long Beach at the Municipal Auditorium followed by a show in LA at the Shrine. They would not perform in concert in California again until their last tour the following year, finishing at the Pan Pacific Auditorium. That show too would eventually spawn stories far more ridiculous than the shows in San Diego. The article quoting Chief Jansen was from Sept. 12, 1956, three months after Elvis' last appearance in San Diego. It had less to do with issues pertaining to earlier appearances there than it did to notoriety from reviews of their first appearance on the Ed Sullivan show days earlier on September 9th, which was viewed by 80% of the national audience. Jansen's statement was in context to an attempt by the city's Social Services Department to ban Elvis, or at least censor his performances, though none had witnessed any of the live performances. By then though the days of steady touring were over and subsequent shows would require larger venues. There were likely no plans at that time to return to San Diego.10 Further, Elvis didn't die his hair black until that September, after the filming of Love Me Tender, and the gold lame' suit didn't debut until March of 1957, which indicates Hare Martin's statements to be fictitious. On January 20, 1960, the Harbor Commission revoked the lease of the California Sport Service on the San Diego Arena, owned by the Harbor Dept., claiming a lease violation. The lease had specifically provided for its use as ice skating, hockey, and other recreational sports purposes and cited that the lessee had sub-rented it for retail sales and auctions.11 In April of 1960 William P. Crofton, owner of the Crofton Marine Engine Co., entered into negotiations to buy the Arena and willing to pay $55,000 rent on the two acre property during remaining 4 years of lease held by California Sports Service, Inc. By 1961 the Crofton Company was making their Crofton Bug, Brawny Bug and Crofton Tug there.11
The Crofton Bug was essentially a slightly modified version of the Crosley Farm-O-Road built in 1950, a miniature jeep essentially. The Brawny Bug was an upgrade with a 6 speed transmission and the Tug was essentially a much more industrial type unit based on Bug components. Crofton, a successful GMC and Detroit Diesel products dealer saw a potential market for a small utility vehicle and produced them there in San Diego, California until around 1962.12 In 1965, the lease on the property was up and the Arena became an item of conflict between commissioners and Crofton, who had invested over $100,000 into it. Essentially, the lease was not subject to renewal and the commissioners wanted ownership of the 45,000 foot square foot building so they agreed to extend for three years the two-acre lease, but insisted that they should gain title to the Arena at the end of the new lease. By now it was only used to house an engine sales, repair and boat building facility . Crofton sought a seven year lease extension with option to remove the former sports arena though present terms of the expiring contract allow to remove the facility or to abandon it to the port, which could then demolish it at Crofton's expense or keep it. The land though was worth more than what Crofton was paying and recommendations were that the commissioners renew the lease on a year to year basis with the port to have the option of keeping the building on lease termination.13
Eventually the old arena came down and the whole area that was the industrial section of San Deigo was redeveloped. Elvis returned to San Diego with the TCB band for three more sold-out performances; November 15, 1970, April 26, 1973 and April 24, 1976, in the new Sports Arena built north of downtown near Mission bay in 1966. The El Cortez ended its hotel days in 1978 and was closed for several years and almost demolished. In 2000 it was renovated and today contains luxury condos.9
Days after recording his first single, Glen Glenn was drafted. Unlike Elvis, two years of military service ended his career. Stuck on an Army base in Hawaii, he watched helplessly as his records stiffed. By the time he got out in 1960, music had passed him by so he hung up his guitar, got married, bought a home in Ontario and spent the next three decades working for General Dynamics. Glen was rediscovered in the 1980s with the Rockabilly revival and has since opened a show for Bob Dylan, performed concerts in Europe, and his records have been re-released on CD anthologies.8 Raquel Welch began acting in 1964 and coincidentally would later play a small role in Roustabout. After selling their interests in the Garden, the Forsyths later bought a tiny bar and taco stand in Coronado called the Mexican Village that would grow to became a popular attraction for Navy officers. Celebrities, including Dan Blocker, Walt Disney and Liberace, also were customers over the years.3 Less than 25 years after the shows, John Bankson succumbed to Cancer, believed to have been the result of service aboard a ship used in Hydrogen bomb tests in the Pacific in the '50s.6
Today, Petco Park, home of the San Deigo Padres, which opened in 2004, occupies the area at the bottom of Eight and Ninth Avenues.
There is a now a parking structure and the new Hilton San Diego Bayfront Hotel across Harbor Drive near the Convention Center about where the old Arena/Glacier Garden was located.
Page added February 18, 2011
All period ads and articles from the San Diego Union Tribune are courtesy the San Diego Public Library. Please note that though the same paper, at the time the Union was the morning edition and the Tribune was the evening edition.
1 excerpt
from or according to articles in San Diego Union-Tribune June 7-17,
1939 and varied 1944 -1948
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All photos on this site (that we didn't borrow) unless otherwise indicated are the property of either Scotty Moore or James V. Roy and unauthorized use or reproduction is prohibited. |
Ads for the shows started running in
the morning and evening editions of San Deigo's
Union-Tribune on April 2, 1956 with minor
blurbs on the 3rd and 4th:
Presley To Sing At Arena Tonight
SCREAMS,
CHEERS
accompaniment
to his octave sliding voice.
Presley Sings; Parents Irked
